“
“Erythropoietin (EPO) regulates the proliferation and differentiation of erythroid cells by binding to its specific CP-690550 transmembrane receptor (EPOR).
The presence of E:PO and its receptor in the CNS suggests a different function for EPO other than erythropoiesis. The purpose of the present study was to examine EPOR expression and the role of EPO in the proliferation of neonatal spinal cord-derived neural progenitor cells. The effect of EPO on cell cycle progression was also examined, as well as the signaling cascades involved in this process. Our results showed that EPOR was present in the neural progenitor cells and EPO significantly enhanced their proliferation. Cell cycle analysis of EPO-treated neural progenitor cells indicated a reduced percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase, whereas the cell proliferation index (S phase plus G2/M phase) was increased. EPO also increased the proportion of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine
(BrdU)-positive cells. With respect to the cell cycle signaling, we examined the cyclin-dependent kinases D1, D2 and E, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p21cip1, p27kip1 and p57kip2. No significant differences were observed in the expression of these transcripts after EPO administration. Interestingly, the anti-apoptotic factors, mcl-1 and bcl-2 were significantly increased twofold. Moreover, these specific effects of EPO were eliminated by incubation of the progenitor Palbociclib cells with anti-EPO neutralizing antibody. Those observations suggested that EPO may play a role in normal spinal cord development by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis. (C) 2010 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose: We evaluated the influence Celecoxib of knowledge of urine test outcome on the accuracy of cystoscopy (diagnostic review bias) during
surveillance in patients with low grade, nonmuscle invasive urothelial carcinoma.
Materials and Methods: We performed a prospective, single-blind, randomized, multicenter clinical trial of surveillance by microsatellite analysis urine test in 448 patients with nonmuscle invasive (pTa, pT1, G1, G2) urothelial carcinoma. Positive or negative urine test results were only communicated to the urologist in the intervention arm of 226 patients, in which cystoscopy was done if the test was positive, and at 3, 12 and 24 months. Urine test results were not communicated in the control arm of 222 patients who underwent standard 3-month cystoscopy. The primary outcome measure was the number of histologically proven bladder cancer recurrences.
Results: At a median 34-month followup 218 recurrences were detected in the intervention arm compared to 163 in the control arm (p < 0.001).