1, Table 1). In the temporal lobe, there were significantly stronger correlations with the cortex within the superior temporal PD0325901 research buy sulcus and the middle temporal gyrus. On the medial surface, BAs 44 and 45 showed stronger correlations than BA 6 with medial frontal cortex anterior to the supplementary motor area involving BAs 8, 9 and 10, as well as the paracingulate BA 32. Additionally, BA 45 exhibited stronger

RSFC with the medial part of the frontal pole (BA 10), the ventromedial frontal cortex and the angular gyrus, relative to BA 6, while BA 44 did not show these differences. Using a permuted-groups split-half comparison procedure, we applied spectral and hierarchical clustering algorithms to identify cluster solutions for the range K = 2 : 12, where K is the number of clusters. For each value of K, we assessed the similarity of the cluster

solutions generated for Group 1 (n = 18) and Group 2 (n = 18) using the VI metric (Meila, 2007). Figure 3D plots the mean VI across 100 permuted groups, for each K, and each clustering algorithm. The results indicate that the most similar (consistent) solutions (associated with the lowest Belinostat molecular weight mean VI) were generated by the spectral clustering algorithm. The most consistent non-trivial solution (i.e. K > 2) appears to be K = 4, although there is good mean similarity for the range K = 2:6. We subsequently applied the spectral clustering algorithm to the group-average of all (n = 36) single-subject η2 matrices. Figure 4 displays the surface maps for the spectral clustering solutions for K = 2 : 6 (for comparison, the Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase surface maps of the hierarchical clustering solutions for K = 2 : 6

are presented in supplementary Fig. S1). To further discern the optimal K, we calculated a modified silhouette value for each value of K, for cluster solutions produced when the spectral clustering algorithm was applied to each individual’s η2 matrix. As shown in Fig. 3E, the modified silhouette criterion suggested that K = 4 represents the most favorable solution. To assess the impact of smoothing on cluster assignment, we repeated the analyses and η2 matrix generation without spatial smoothing. Figure 4 shows the surface maps for the spectral clustering solutions for K = 2 : 6, computed on the basis of group-average unsmoothed η2 matrices (Fig. 3B). Qualitatively, the maps are highly similar, a conclusion which is supported quantitatively by the VI metric (Fig. 3H), which indicates good similarity between the smoothed and unsmoothed solutions for K ≤ 7.