Chen et al. showed that elevated [CO2] significantly increased root biomass during the whole growth season [12]. We studied numerical models of root volume and adventitious root dry weight, but simulation models

for root number and total length have not been reported [46]. This study used a modified logistic equation to simulate effects on rice ARN and ARL under FACE treatment. The results also showed that there was a good correlation between simulated and observed values. R2 values varied from Selleck Nivolumab 0.952 to 0.983, reaching significant level. RRMSE ranged from 0.051 to 0.132, indicating that results were reliable. Limited by the conditions of the experiments, two factors were involved in this model: CO2 concentration and N rate. Because the results depend mainly on statistical models, the mechanism by which FACE affects rice roots is unclear and

awaits further investigation. This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30270777), the Key Direction Research of Knowledge Innovation in Chinese Academy of Science (No. KZCX3-SW-440) and the Priority Academic Program Doxorubicin Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions. The main instruments and apparatus of the FACE system were supplied by Japan National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences (NIAES) and Japan Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region (NARCT). “
“Maize (Zea mays L.) is the largest crop in China, and is grown throughout the country from the spring maize belt in northeastern region to the southwestern mountain spring maize belt. In 2012, maize was planted on 3.50 million hectares and the total production of corn was 206 million tons, accounting for 31.9% and 35.7% of the total areas and production

of the cereal crops, respectively (http://data.stats.gov.cn/workspace/index; jsessionid). The average yield of maize was 5.7 tha–1. Since 2000, the growing area, total production and the average yield of maize have increased by 51.9%, 94.0%, and 27.7%, respectively. However, the occurrence of various foliar diseases has become a serious yield limiting factor in most maize producing regions Inositol monophosphatase 1 throughout the country. Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB), caused by Setosphaeria turcica (Luttrell) Leonard et Suggs, anamorph: Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard et Suggs is one of the most harmful diseases in the spring corn regions. In the late 1980s, use of the inbred line Mo 17 originating from the USA, which carries gene Ht for resistance to NCLB, effectively controlled this disease. Recently, the outbreak of NCLB has resulted in severe yield losses in northeastern and northern China. Owing to cultivation of resistant hybrids, the shift of E. turcicum race 0 in the 1980s to race 1 in the 1990s and the occurrence of other races have resulted in severe economic losses [1], [2] and [3]. Southern corn leaf blight (SCLB) Cochliobolus heterostrophus (Drechs.) Drechs.