Surgical reconstruction of the peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis resulted in a significant
decrease in right ventricular pressure. We hypothesize that this reduction in right ventricular pressures will confer a long-term survival advantage for this cohort of patients. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013;145:476-81)”
“Early-onset drug taking is associated with increased likelihood of addiction, but it is unclear whether early onset is causal in development of addiction. Many other factors are associated with increased risk of addiction and also promote early intake. Here, a rodent model is used to explore the EPZ004777 manufacturer causality of early onset in development of self-administration and addiction-like behavior and to examine factors that promote self-administration.
We used cocaine self-administration to examine drug taking and addiction-like behavior in adolescent and adult rats a priori characterized for their locomotor responses to novelty and cocaine and behavior in the light-dark task.
Adolescent animals initially sought more cocaine than adults. However, as the adolescents matured, their intake fell and they did not differ from adults in terms of unreinforced lever-pressing, extinction or reinstatement behavior. For both age groups, self-administration was positively correlated
with the locomotor response to novelty, the locomotor response to cocaine, and with time in light in the light-dark task. The rats that were insensitive to cocaine’s locomotor effects and that spent the least time in light in the light-dark task sought the least cocaine, appearing selleck chemicals to be “”protected”" from the reinforcing effects of cocaine. There was no difference between the two age groups in appearance of this “”protected”" phenotype.
These results suggest that early onset of drug taking may promote increased use, but does not promote progression to addiction-like behavior. Furthermore, protective factors, such as innate anxiety and insensitivity to cocaine’s pharmacological effects, function across developmental stages.”
“Objective: To determine the health-related
quality of selleck compound life at 4 years of age in children who had undergone cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease in early infancy.
Methods: A prospective cohort study of infants undergoing cardiac surgery at 6 weeks of age or younger from July 2000 to June 2005 at the Stollery Children’s Hospital. The quality of life was assessed using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, version 4.0, generic core scales, and compared with normative values for the same age. The association between the perioperative variables and health-related quality of life was explored.
Results: A total of 242 infants underwent complex heart surgery during the study period. Of the 166 eligible survivors, 130 were included.